How to prepare your child for school. Do you know how to properly prepare your child for school? What to prepare for school

The child grows, and sooner or later the time comes when parents think about preparing for school. Is it necessary, and if so, what should it include? Are special classes required or can you do it yourself at home?

School is serious!

Know that the upcoming change in lifestyle is a serious stress for the child, no less than for us the transition to another job. Parental worries are understandable - all subsequent successes depend on a good start to a school career.

When the first days of the child at school are successful, he hears the praise of the teacher - this is a huge positive incentive. Positive experience is fixed and becomes the basis of the life path.

All parents deal with the same questions. Which school should I send my child to? At what age - from six years old or from seven? Or maybe closer to eight? How to know in advance whether the baby will cope with the training load? How to prepare a child for school in order to minimize the inevitable difficulties? These questions come up about a year before your baby's first day of school.

What is meant?

Any parent believes that their child is ready for school. Someone relies on the erudition, ingenuity, logic of the baby. Others are calm, as they managed to teach the child to read in syllables and write a little. Still others rely on the independence and sociability of their son or daughter. Fourth - on education and obedience.

But development is not everything. It is very important to be able to meet school requirements, work in a group, communicate with other children. That is, we are not talking about abstract readiness, but about the possibility of successful learning in a specific program and in a specific team.

When is the best time to start?

No matter what anyone says, it is better to start training at the age of 7. Numerous discussions about early childhood development are not always compatible with real life. Even for a smart and creative child, health problems can block the possibility of learning from the age of 6. Without understanding this, parents risk harming their offspring.

After the age of five, children begin to develop important needs for future learning. This is the desire to engage in serious activities, communicate with peers and strive for success. And also to be good in the eyes of the teacher and parents, that is, to assert oneself in relationships with others.

If the child is weak, it will be difficult for him to work in the classroom. He will begin to tire quickly and will not even be able to keep the correct posture at his desk. To master the skill of writing, the child must have developed fine motor skills. But large muscles must also be "on top" - the baby must be able to run, jump, throw the ball and play with peers.

Not only health

The physical readiness of the child for school is not everything. Psychological readiness is equally important. And it consists of intellectual-personal and emotional-volitional.

Socio-psychological, or personal readiness - the ability to adapt to a new social role, which implies new rules of behavior and a different status in society. It manifests itself in relation to the teacher and the learning process, parents and peers, as well as in a well-formed self-esteem.

The attitude towards school, studies and the teacher is manifested in the readiness to comply with the new regime, to arrive on time, diligently complete the learning tasks, understand the meaning of the lessons, and communicate with the teacher and classmates.

We carry out diagnostics

To assess the degree of personal maturity of a preschooler, you should talk with him. Invite the child to draw a future class, a teacher. You can ask if he would agree to go to school if it was possible to continue going to kindergarten.

You need to find out what exactly attracts you in learning. The desire to learn can be caused by buying bright attractive accessories - what a child needs for school (a pencil case, a satchel, stationery, a beautiful school uniform). Or - if the best friend goes to school. The task of parents is to ensure that the child is attracted to educational activities.

Sometimes a future student has a complete lack of motivation. Children are afraid to go to school, they say that they will put deuces there, they will not have time to play and relax. Most often, this attitude is the result of a pedagogical miscalculation of parents. In no case should you intimidate children with school, especially timid and insecure ones.

It is difficult to change the existing negative attitude to learning, as well as disbelief in one's own strengths. This will require a lot of parental work and patience.

What if he's not ready?

Statistics say that about a third of first-graders do not have the proper readiness for school. If good intellectual development is superimposed on personal immaturity, then the baby will demonstrate a lack of responsibility and learn very unevenly.

What are the signs of personal unpreparedness? This is extreme spontaneity, the lack of a concept of discipline, the desire to play in the classroom, the inability and unwillingness to raise a hand. Such a child can be forced to switch to study only with repeated reminders.

What does intellectual readiness include? This is curiosity, the proper level of development of figurative representations, the ability to navigate in the world around us, developed speech and sensory skills.

What is required of parents?

Sometimes mothers and fathers believe that their task is to get the child to school, and they are obliged to teach and educate him in kindergarten. Thus, they shift their own family responsibilities to the preschool institution, which is justified only in case of extreme employment. Any parent is able to independently instill in his son or daughter all the necessary skills.

You need to talk with a child on various topics, discuss films and books, teach him to have his own opinion on each issue and express it tactfully.

How to prepare a child for school from a psychological point of view? First of all - to create a positive image of the school and the teacher. Going there should be a holiday and a new stage in life. It is necessary to explain to the kid what are the advantages of school life, what he will learn there and what interesting things await him.

It is very important from childhood to lay the right attitude to mistakes and successes. It is necessary to teach not to lose heart due to inevitable failures, to be able to draw conclusions and competently work on mistakes.

Don't ask for too much. If a child does not count or write well, does not know how to read, it is not yet a tragedy. These skills are not required for admission to Grade 1. The task of elementary school is to teach children all this.

What would you like to know?

It is very useful to instill elementary skills: to teach a child to read in syllables, to count to ten, to hold a pen correctly, to display the first letters. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the compliance of the level of its development with the requirements. If the tasks set correspond to the real potential, interest in learning will not disappear.

To maintain positive motivation, the game preparation of the child for school is useful - classes with color pictures, guessing words. You can try to stimulate the first successes by presenting symbolic prizes.

Try to compose a fairy tale: for example, different animals explain why each of them wants to go to school. Someone likes to play with classmates, another wants to feel like an adult, the third wants to study and become someone. Then you should ask the baby which of the characters is right. If a child is only set to play and has no cognitive motive, he is not ready for school.

An important criterion is the development of speech.

Read to your child a short story in 6-7 sentences and ask them to retell it. If a child has difficulty building phrases, coordinating words, unable to build a storyline, speech development needs to be worked on. Most The best way Read books aloud and ask questions about what you have read. For the development of memory, it is useful to clarify what this or that character said or did, how the fairy tale began and how it ended, and so on.

Ask how the day went in kindergarten, what the guys were talking about, play with words, make riddles. It is important to check phonemic hearing in time and identify possible deviations. You can do it yourself. Ask your child to pronounce words by syllables or find an extra word in a series of similar sounds. In case of violations, the help of a speech therapist will be required.

It is better for a child to listen to fairy tales than to look at pictures in a book. At the same time, imaginative thinking develops.

Working on logic and self-control

The basics of logical thinking can be developed by asking to finish the sentences that have been started, to name an extra word in a row, by analogy games where you need to match a word to a word (summer - winter, day - night).

As a rule, verbal-logical thinking is formed by the age of 6-7. If there are one or two mistakes in the process of such games, everything is in order. If more, you need to work. In bookstores there are a huge number of collections of all the necessary exercises.

Self-control skills are determined by games like "yes" and "no" do not say. "There should be no more than 10 questions. If the baby answers most of them without straying, his level of self-control can be considered high. This indicator is extremely important for the future study.

There are many games built according to different rules. For example, you cannot repeat the same word. Having met, for example, with the name of a flower, you should clap your hands and so on. All this works for the development of memory, logic, speech activity.

Don't Forget Fine and Gross Motor Skills

What else does preparing a child for school include? Classes for the development of fine motor skills, coordination of the muscles of the hands and fingers. They will need to cut and paste geometric figures (squares, circles, triangles) on paper, draw geometric patterns on checkered sheets, sculpt from plasticine.

You can also stimulate the development of fine motor skills by hand massage, finger gymnastics, sorting out small objects (for example, buttons), laying out mosaics, and so on.

Remember that the better the motor skills of the hands are developed, the more the child's brain and speech are stimulated.

Coordination and gross motor skills are improved by ball games, hide and seek, relay races, tasks that require phased implementation. Team sports are also helpful.

It is important to teach the child to relax the muscles of the arms by lowering them along the body. With a reduced or increased tone, relaxation should be carried out with a massage. This is important for future writing success.

On the practical side of the issue

Moms and dads are required to know how to prepare a child for school without compromising health. Usually, all routine vaccinations are required before entering school. But don't overdo it. Do not send your child to them in a row, especially before starting school. Be mindful of individual health concerns. Some vaccinations are not given at the same time, others can cause allergies. A detailed examination of a specialist carried out a year before school is very useful.

Gradually adjust to the future mode. If the baby is not used to getting up early, it is necessary to slowly shift the rise hours during the summer. This must be done without abrupt transitions in order to prevent biorhythms from failing. Otherwise, the training load may not be up to the child.

You should visit a speech therapist, preferably before school, since in the first weeks and months all forces will be thrown to something else. You should also pay a visit to a psychologist.

What else is important

During homework, control your posture, teach you how to hold a pen and place a notebook on the table. The workplace should be well thought out and well organized, taking into account medical and aesthetic requirements.

Picking up a child for school is not an easy task. Think over all the subtleties - the choice of comfortable and high-quality clothes, safe and attractive stationery, a comfortable satchel.

Go together to buy everything your child needs for school, let him choose pens, notebooks, a satchel. Solving these important issues on your own, along with trying on a school uniform, will give the baby a sense of significance and will establish him in a new role.

Where to prepare the child for school?

In modern kindergartens, which have the status of a child development center, such training begins with senior group. The program for preparing children for school in these kindergartens is usually carried out according to a certain methodology and is coordinated with teachers from nearby educational institutions.

Its undoubted advantages are studying in a familiar environment and a familiar team, a game form of classes, alternating them with rest and walks.

Another option is to prepare the child in special classes within the walls of the school. This study is most reminiscent of "adult". Little preschoolers have real lessons and breaks, they carry schoolbags with teaching aids.

Such preschool training has its advantages - getting to know the future teacher, classmates, getting used to the school rules (raise your hand, go to the blackboard, and so on).

The disadvantage is that in the evening it is not easy for children who are tired during the day to study, their attention is scattered.

Other options

And yet: how to prepare a child for school as efficiently as possible? There are special development centers that allow you to choose the most convenient option. These can be group classes on their own schedule, especially convenient for children who do not go to kindergarten.

A good result is given by group classes with a psychologist and a speech therapist. This form provides for open lessons in the presence of parents, where you can compare the achievements of your baby and other children.

There are also individual lessons with a teacher at home, aimed at a particular child. This method is the most effective, but excludes communication with peers and does not teach to work in a team.

About parenting mistakes

What mistakes do parents of a future first grader usually make? The main one is to overload the child with activities, to deprive him of games and communication with peers. This will form an aversion to future studies. It is also unacceptable to be intimidated by deuces, punishments, and possible ridicule from classmates.

You should not force the same work to be rewritten several times. It does not bring special benefits, it only causes fatigue and irritation.

It is very important to unconditionally believe in your own child, praise for any achievements, help in failures, but at the same time you should not shift his work onto yourself.

With the approach of the day of knowledge, parents often ask themselves the question: how to prepare a child for school so that their beloved child can easily and quickly adapt to school life, easily master the workload and keep up with their peers? It is necessary to prepare a child for school in advance, that is, not a month, a week or a few days before the start of the educational process. If the parents came to their senses in enthusiasm and haste only in August, you should not expect distinctive results from the baby. Competent advice and recommendations from practical psychologists will be relevant for parents of future first-graders and will help prepare the baby for the new school year.

So how do you prepare your child for school at home?

August preparation. August is quite late. What can a baby learn in a month? During this period, he will only have time to realize the importance of the process itself, which is necessary for acquiring further life experience. If the parents did not have conversations with the child regarding the school, stress and long-term adaptation to new living conditions cannot be avoided. To instill reading skills, to teach a child to count, is also unlikely to succeed. This is not a one-day process that requires strong-willed efforts, awareness and purposefulness.

Summer period.

If the child went to kindergarten or attended an early development center, you listened to the recommendations of the educators and diligently followed them, in this case, it is quite realistic to prepare the baby for school via Skype in three months. To achieve positive results, it is necessary to properly distribute the load, deal with the child every day, draw up a daily routine, allocate time for learning, rest, active, developing and outdoor games. Start conversations about school so that when he enters first grade, he has an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe education system. Motivate for success, tell about what awaits him soon.

Throughout the year. For a year, a child can be quite successfully pulled up and set up for further productive studies. In addition, during this period, both parents at home and educators in the kindergarten can prepare the baby for school.

Preparation for school from the age of 4. Pediatricians and child psychologists recommend preparing a child for school from an early age. By this age, the baby has already formed self-awareness, the vocabulary is intensively replenished, the grammatical structure of speech is built, detailed generalizations appear - stories, monologues. Preschool age is the most favorable period for the development of memory and thinking. Emotional life by the age of four becomes constant and balanced. Unlike early childhood, the life of a preschooler is very diverse. The kid is included in the systems of the social environment, he has new activities, and with them new motives - competition, rivalry, success, motives associated with the assimilation and consolidation of moral norms. Preschoolers have a clear idea of ​​success and failure. By this time, the preschooler had managed to form as a person. In a playful way, he can already read, draw, write. The age of why begins, the baby shows interest in everything and strives for knowledge of the outside world. Do not suppress this initiative, let the child absorb all the useful and meaningful information. It is very important not to miss this moment and use it to instill value orientations and socially significant skills.

Asking experts when it is better to prepare a child for school, psychologists will unequivocally say that cognitive classes should be started from the age of 4. In this case, going to first class will not cause unnecessary trouble and will not negatively affect children's self-esteem. Of course, the above applies to children who do not have significant deviations and mental retardation.

Where to start preparing for school?

Reading.

• The faster the child gets acquainted with the letters, learns to read by syllables and recognize sounds, the more successful the process will be.
• From an early age, read fairy tales, stories to your baby
• Discuss the read text, ask questions, let the child learn to retell
• Make it a rule to learn one letter every day. There are many visual aids, the alphabet on magnets, in pictures, books that will make learning fun and productive.
• Let the child pronounce the learned letter aloud and find it in the text.
• The game of association will contribute to quick memorization. Let the baby build an associative array, draw analogies with what this or that letter is associated with.

Spelling

Spelling is closely related to reading. Here you can consolidate knowledge and perform exercises with the letters that you have learned.

• Let the kid learn to write in block letters
• For learning to write, use notebooks with an oblique ruler.
• Give the child an example, write letters on the initial line so that he can do the exercise on his own according to your model. If the baby does not succeed, do not blame or scold for the mistake, point out the shortcomings in a friendly manner and do the exercise again. When writing letters, pay attention to the baby's accuracy and attentiveness.

Mathematics classes

For admission to the primary link, math lessons via Skype are essential.

• To teach a child to count, it is advisable to purchase visual didactic materials. These can be pyramids with a numerical row and accounts, wooden toys depicting animals and numbers, sticks for counting.
• Count toys, sweets, fruits, toes, hands.
• Each new lesson, learn a couple of numbers. It is very important that the child memorize them and learn to write.
• Geometric shapes, the concept of shape and size can be learned with the help of wooden insert frames, or with the help of cookie figures.

Do not limit the child in creativity, modeling, drawing, designing - they perfectly develop fine motor skills, prepare the hand for writing and contribute to the development of higher cognitive processes.

Also, parents of future first-graders are concerned about the psychological health of the baby. How to psychologically prepare him for going to first grade so that he does not feel internal constraint and feels confident? So that the child does not hide in the corners, interacts with other students, joins the learning process and communicates with teachers, it is important that he knows how to: communicate, understand the meaning of schooling, verbally defend his position, plan activities and set goals, be aware of the consequences of his behavior, had clear ideas about the discipline and the internal charter of the school. In addition, it is important that the first-grader has a favorable psychological attitude and an objective self-esteem.

Parents take note!!! Preparation for school should not be limited to reading, writing and counting. Before going to first grade, there should be a parental dialogue with the child, talk with him about how to behave with adults and peers, develop in him a sense of responsibility, independence, talk about discipline. If you notice signs of negativism, concealment, unreasonable aggression in your child’s behavior, immediately consult a child psychologist so as not to start the problem and provoke more alienation.

Entering school is quite an exciting time for any parent, because their child is moving to a new stage of development and socialization! How exactly will everything go? Will the little one manage to cope with school subjects? Will he be able to adapt to the new environment?

To make everything go smoothly, you can prepare your child for school in advance. Let's take a closer look at when you need to start classes, what exactly they should be, and whether it is worth sending the baby to preparation or you can do it yourself at home.

When to start preparing?

Psychologists say that you can start preparing for school as early as 3.5-4 years old, especially since you have most likely already taken the first steps towards education: you started teaching your baby to read and count.

It is at 3.5-4 years that a bright personality is formed in the child. Of course, he still doesn’t know how much and doesn’t know about everything in the world, bombarding you with questions: “Why?” And How?".

But right now, logical and spatial thinking is actively developing in it and memory is being activated, therefore it is extremely undesirable to miss this fertile period.

Psychological readiness

Any child should be prepared for school not only mentally, but also from the point of view of psychology. This means that everything in it must be in balance, namely:

• personal and social readiness;
• volitional sphere;
• clear motivation for learning.

In other words, the young student should strive to go to school consciously. He must desire to receive new information, think about this stage of growing up and want to learn how to build relationships in a new team.

What a miracle - school?

First of all, it is worth explaining to the kid what a school is, how it differs from a kindergarten, what the mysterious word “lessons” means in practice, and why it is so important to listen to what the teacher says.

An attempt at visualization

It is necessary to understand the inner feelings of the child and find out how he relates to school. To do this, ask him to draw her in detail and talk about what she is like.

What are the lessons at the school? Are there big changes? Do students get grades and enjoy being there? Let the child tell you what kind of teacher works there - strict or kind, whether he likes her or not.

During the story, you will get answers to your questions: what is the child afraid of, why is he worried, what is he afraid of. All these points should be discussed with him after the story and play out options for getting out of different situations.

You can't be scared!

Do not put pressure on the child psychologically, do not scare him with strict discipline or by scolding him for bad grades. This clearly does not stimulate him to a good perception of the new place of study.

It is better to tell the child that he has to learn a lot of interesting things about the world, and if during this period he encounters difficulties, he can always count on you.

What is school for?

Explain to the kid that his main task will not be to get good grades (although this is important), but to gain new knowledge, which he will use in the future for his own benefit.

For example, he will be able to get a job, get a salary and buy what he wants - that is, to become a truly adult.

All at once?

Do not try to stuff your baby with an abundance of information and give him everything at once: knowing a lot does not mean loving to learn. Better develop curiosity and the ability to approach lessons creatively. As a result, the kid will understand that learning is quite exciting and not scary at all.

Independence is the head of everything!

It is very important that the baby mastered such important qualities as responsibility and independence. There is no need to conduct special training for this - this is not an army! It is enough to trust the child with simple tasks and give a chance to cope independently with what he can do.

You can, for example, entrust him with the care of flowers that you buy with him. Discuss with the baby the rules and features of caring for plants and explain what will happen to the flower if it is not watered or hilled.

To keep your little one from forgetting to do this, attach a reminder paper to the fridge.

Praise is the best blessing

Be sure to praise the baby for success, emphasizing the fact that he already knows a lot. Just in no case do not cite other, more “developed” children as an example, so that the baby does not feel not too successful against the background of their achievements.

He must know that if he fails something, he needs to try to do it again.

Going for knowledge: class schedule

So, the psychological preparation of the baby is in full swing, it's time to take on the educational process. To do this, develop in your child perseverance, the ability to live according to a schedule and strict discipline.

Actually, the lessons should be held 5 days a week, and the next two days to rest and frolic.

The class schedule could be, for example:

1. Monday: spelling and reading;
2. Tuesday: drawing and mathematics;
3. Wednesday: math again, spelling again and, as a bonus, an application;
4. Thursday: reading, English (or other foreign language) and modeling;
5. Friday: reading and foreign.

How much to do?

Closer to the age of five, classes in such difficult subjects as mathematics or English should take no more than 20 minutes at home. For other lessons, you can take a little more time - 25 minutes.

At the same time, breaks between lessons need to be reduced: if at first they are large - for an hour, then then it is worth making them twenty minutes. This will help the child learn the material well, without experiencing the stress of restructuring for a new life.

Teaching methodology: how to conduct lessons?

Let's figure out how exactly it is worth teaching a child. Tips for homeschooling toddlers for convenience are illustrated by examples of especially meaningful lessons.

Reading lessons

Once your child has learned the letters and syllables, you can move on to reading so that the entire further preparation process is more successful.

The study of letters should be carried out in alphabetical order, and reading - from acquaintance with small tales. To begin with, the kid can find already studied letters in the text.

Retell what you read to him and ask him to repeat it again, but on his own. To help with the presentation - 3 questions that the baby should briefly answer.

Spelling lessons

Spelling lessons are best done in the same order as reading, so that the assimilation of what has been passed is more successful. As you become familiar with the material, you can move on to reading simple syllables, so that later you can try to write them.

If you stick to these teaching principles, by the age of 5 your child will be able to read and write quite well. A prerequisite is that the child works with notebooks for writing in a ruler, and for mathematics - in a cage.

Math lessons

Learning to count is best done with candy, toys, and family members, but you should first learn whole numbers. Simple tasks in mathematics are also better given on visual material - on the same sweets.

You can also learn numbers in pairs at once: 3 and 4, 5 and 6. The child should not only memorize them, but also try to write them afterwards. Be sure to repeat the material covered the next day, but not for very long - no more than five minutes.

It is better to learn various geometric shapes using the example of the same cookie, which is now available in a variety of forms. Gradually, you will move from "food" to the outline of figures in a notebook.

art lessons

Drawing lessons are an outlet for a child, so they must be carried out. It can be not only creativity in albums, but also appliqué and modeling.

Here you can also study the geometric shapes that we talked about above and draw them in the album.

Teach your child to use paints so that the pictures do not look like blotters of an incomprehensible color. Show how you can shade a drawing with a pencil or master the technique of drawing with crayons.

Foreign language lessons

The key to success in learning a language is the use of vivid pictures and illustrations. It is best if you start learning the language that you yourself studied at school, otherwise you will have to use the services of a tutor.

The lesson can last about 15 minutes, during which you must speak with the baby in a foreign language, accompanying your words with actions. This form of education is considered the most effective for preschool age.

As soon as the lesson comes to an end, reinforce what you have learned by showing a cartoon in a foreign language.

Never, and this is very important, do not prepare the baby for school "out of the blue." Do I need to explain that this will not lead to anything good in the end?

Let's play school

Interest the child, and even better, create a whole educational team around him. For example, invite children of the same age to visit and play school.

schedule requirements

As soon as you see that the baby has achieved some success, gently begin to demand results from him - at first unobtrusively, then more actively. This approach to learning will benefit the baby.

Should I send my child to preparatory courses?

Many parents whose children are approaching the wonderful school time are constantly thinking about how to prepare their child for school at home. Wouldn't it be better to give it to preparatory classes for this?

Calm down, because you yourself can do it - there would only be a desire!

What kind of kids should be given to the courses?

The group of exceptions for which courses will be preferable to home preparation for school include:

1. Toddlers who did not go to kindergarten, mini-centers and any other preschool institutions, since social adaptation has not even begun for them yet.
2. Shy children, and especially when the preparatory classes are taught by the same teachers who in the future will teach them subjects in elementary school.
3. Children who have few friends. In the preparatory lessons, the kids will find real comrades for themselves and, when moving to school, will be able to avoid possible stresses.

If your child is perfectly adapted to society, you can not resort to help preparatory groups. Moreover, nowadays in all kindergartens they begin to prepare children for school long before they enter.

Your lessons at home will be a good help for the baby, which will help him prepare for school slowly, interestingly and very effectively.

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There comes an age in children when they complete one phase of their development and smoothly move into another - from kindergarten to primary school. This does not end childhood, but a certain measure of responsibility appears, it begins.

Preparing a child for school - mental processes

If the child has well-developed cognitive processes (memory, thinking, speech, imagination, attention, perception), the emotional sphere is well and correctly developed (the desire to learn new things, cheerfulness, activity, sociability and other positive emotions), then such a child will not experience difficulties in first grade.

This transition for him from kindergarten to elementary school will be painless and informative, will contribute to a surge of new emotions and impressions. Moreover, the first skills of the educational process are already laid down in kindergarten, such as reading, writing, and the ability to count.

Big problems arise for future first-graders who are inattentive and do not show interest in teaching, and they only grow every year.

Information for parents - children who are not adapted to adaptation, who spin around in the classroom, skip classes, run away from the lessons on their own, become “hooligans and losers”, their development begins to lag behind the general one, the desire for learning completely disappears, degradation of the personality as a whole occurs.

Already in the older groups of kindergarten, parents should show interest in the knowledge of the child.

The duty of the parents is to prepare the child for school, help in mastering the assigned materials, teach them to play the role of a senior assistant, and not just the role of father and mother or educators, or even worse than a warden. Not only children, but also their parents should prepare for school.

The sooner parents without five minutes of first graders begin to understand that their child is growing, the better they will be able to prepare him for school. But you should not focus on some subjects of study and forget about others - education should be general developmental.

Often first-graders get to school with such knowledge with which it is already possible to send a child immediately to the third grade, but right there this child has problems with physical functions or absent-mindedness, there are children who are physically developed like astronauts, but mentally not prepared for school.

There are children with whom no one has ever dealt with at all. total absence interests, physical and intellectual development.

It is best for the perception of the child that help from parents be provided in a playful way, this will help children in mastering the materials and strengthen family relationships the child adapts more easily to the school curriculum.

It is necessary to diagnose future first graders in advance, using the services of a psychologist or teacher, in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the child, his attitude to learning, to school, to identify fears and preferences in subjects.

Classes with children are best done about twice a week, without overworking the child, and it is desirable that nothing distracts him from outsiders. The child himself must see the motivation of the parents, that you want to help him, that you are friendly and kind to him, and do not do it because it is necessary through force, with a tired, hungry and sleepy look from work.

You should not be categorical in checking tasks, it is better to give time to complete it, and then praise the child on the basis of the results. The speed of completing tasks is an individual quality of the child, maybe he is just slow, or maybe he still does not quickly enough understand the essence of the task and how to solve it.

If the child is overtired, then it is worth being distracted and doing simple physical exercises that help restore physical and mental abilities, you can take a walk in the fresh air.

If the child made a mistake, then let him finish the task and offer to check the work himself. When he himself cannot find the mistake, you need to indicate where the child did wrong. And in no case do not insult his vanity, do not say or think that the child is lazy, mediocrity, or some other not like that. This will have a negative impact on the child and his mental state.

According to many parents, and rightly so, that the child should be ready for school physically, intellectually, psychologically and emotionally.

Physical readiness includes perseverance, the ability to keep your head straight without overwork and pain in the neck, the development of fine motor skills, general physical development of muscles, developed coordination of movements and hand-eye coordination, dexterity, accuracy of movements.

Intellectual readiness future first graders represents the accumulated baggage of knowledge, the desire to learn new things, developed observation, imagination, curiosity, developed speech, thinking, memory. The child should be able to ask questions correctly and understand the answers received.

Psychologically, a child is prepared when he strives to communicate with adults and peers, wants to be in society, knows how to act collectively, is executive and follows the established rules.

Emotional readiness future students is the ability to show their emotions, behavior, the ability to organize order around themselves, the desire to overcome difficulties and achieve results, the joy of waiting for learning, the absence of low self-esteem.

It is very important for parents to develop fine motor skills in future first graders from early childhood, which contributes to the development of beautiful handwriting when learning to write at school.

To do this, we will ask parents that the child be engaged in creativity, various manipulations with small objects, learn to dress and undress independently, tying shoelaces, fastening and unfastening buttons and locks, ball games are useful, with various designers and mosaics.

With children, you need to play different educational games appropriate for their age.

Should preschool children be prepared for school?

In my opinion, it is very necessary, not only for children, but also for their parents.

Preparing a child for school should begin long before the time when the child goes to school, one might say, from the moment he just crosses the threshold of kindergarten. But the most active preparation of the child for school should be carried out in the older group.

The purpose of preparing for school is the development of cognitive motivation, interest in school, in reading.

A system of preparation for school is being created in a preschool institution.

It has become a good tradition on the first of September with older children to conduct an excursion to the school.

Preschoolers receive information about why knowledge is needed, reflect on whether it is necessary to know their native language. In the afternoon, musical entertainment “Journey to the Land of Knowledge” is usually held.

In the first week of September, the “What do I know about school” test is given. This test is carried out at the end of the school year to compare the answers of children.

During the school year, from time to time, educators talk to children about school, talk about lessons, and teach rules of conduct at school. On the basis of the institution, the first grades of the school are often placed, and preschoolers watch with interest the life of first graders.

In groups, sports events are held jointly with first-graders. Pupils visit the classroom, where they try themselves in the role of a schoolboy: they sit at a desk, write on the blackboard, leaf through the primer.

All this creates a good, positive attitude towards the school, expands the knowledge of children.

Preschoolers also visit the school library, watch the lessons of physical education, labor training.

In the older groups of the garden, corners are created for the role-playing game “School”, where there is a schoolgirl doll, a board, notebooks, pencils, a class magazine, letters. This allows children in games to consolidate the knowledge gained during conversations, excursions to school.

Teachers conduct cognitive-motivational complexes of classes “I want to go to school”, which not only encourage preschoolers with new educational activities, but also develop cognitive processes and communication skills.

Preparing a child for school with the participation of parents

Preparing a child for school is impossible without the participation of parents. For them, an open day “Soon to school” is held every year. At a meeting with parents, specialists are invited: a teacher-psychologist, a teacher-defectologist, who tells parents about the features of the language training of children, gives advice on how to replenish the vocabulary of children, how to teach them to speak correctly.

The head of physical education shows parents exercises for the formation of the correct posture, talks about the physical training of preschoolers.

In some kindergartens, there is a correspondence school for a future first-grader, thanks to which parents replenish pedagogical knowledge on the topics “When to start preparing a child for school”, “How to form elementary mathematical representations in preschoolers”, “How to help master reading and writing”, “How to choose a book for a preschooler who is starting to read”, “How to form positive attitudes towards school”, etc.

On the site of a preschool institution, almost every group has its own page. For pupils of older groups, teachers place tasks for additional preparation for school.

By completing these tasks, children not only develop their intellectual abilities, but also have fun and usefully spend time with their parents. At the end of the school year, a parent-teacher meeting is held, to which the teacher is invited. primary school. He gives helpful tips, advises exercises that can be done with children during the summer holidays.

Today's preschool children will cross the threshold of the school with smiles in a year. Our children will know that school is a serious job, but at the same time it is an exciting journey to the land of knowledge!

Quiz "What do I know about school"

1. What is a school? (A school is a big beautiful house with classrooms, a gym, a library, a canteen, a medical office. Children study at school.)

2. What is a lesson? (This is the time when children learn something new, listen to the teacher's explanation, the answers of students performing various tasks and do not leave the class.)

3. How do you know when it's time to start a lesson? (The bell rings, the corridors are empty, the children go to class.)

4. What is the name of the table at which children write at school? (Desk.)

5. What is the highest grade in school? (The highest mark is “five”. It is received by attentive and hardworking children.)

6. What is a school diary? (This is a special notebook where the class schedule, homework is written and where the teacher puts marks.)

7. What is change? (This is free time between lessons.)

8. What is it for? (It is needed in order to prepare for the next lesson, leave the classroom, play, eat.)

9. Are children of the same age or different at school? (Various. The youngest of them are first graders. The oldest are in grade 11.)

10. Where and how does the teacher write when explaining the assignment? (On a blackboard with chalk.)

11. How to attract the attention of the teacher when you need to ask about something in the lesson? (Silently raise your hand so that it can be seen.)

If the children answered correctly:

* for questions 1-3 - it is necessary to pay a lot of attention so that children receive the necessary information about the school;

* for 4-6 questions - it is necessary to introduce them to the school in more detail;

* for 6-10 questions - not bad, but it wouldn't hurt to talk or read more about the school.

Proper preparation of children for school is the key to their future excellent studies. It is necessary that before the start of education, the child masters the basics of spelling, mathematics (initial stage), reading.

A broad outlook and communication skills with peers will contribute to his authority among peers and teachers.

Such preparation will allow the baby to feel more confident in the new environment., it is easier to enter the regime of increased training loads.

According to the Federal State Educational Standard, it is stipulated when to enroll in school, the child must master basic skills in preparation for the new school year.

The following preparedness is provided:

• Intellectual.
• Psychological.
• Social.
• Motivational.
• Physical.

A development circle would be helpful. Parents do not need to have a special education at all, it is important to learn the basic rules.

Classes for preschoolers will be effective in establishing a rigid daily routine. In order to prepare a child for an academic discipline, it is important to develop in advance the habit of a study and rest regimen.

This will allow you to correctly distribute the necessary time for classes, home preparation, rest.

Important how well the exercises are chosen to develop the basic skills required for the educational process.

Developing tasks for the child before the new school year

Do not forget that the child will more successfully master the new knowledge presented in the form of a game. Motor development.

The following activities will help you improve your writing skills:

• Performing pencil hatching in a notebook at different angles.
• Filling in the prescription.
• Drawings using pencils, felt-tip pens, watercolors.
• The process of sculpting figurines from plasticine.
• Cutting paper silhouettes with scissors.
• Applications.
• A game with a mosaic or constructor.
• Self-tying shoelaces.

For the development of memory will be useful:

• Ask the child to retell the story they read.
• List what you saw during the day in the evening.
• Tell about the TV programs or cartoons you watched.
• Draw an object seen before or describe it verbally.

The following exercises will help develop mindfulness:

1. Joint search in the room for objects, whose name begins with one letter - who will be the first to complete the task.
2. If an adult is busy- in the process of work, when telling a fairy tale, you can ask the child to clap his hands when a word is pronounced with a certain letter or when animals are mentioned.
3. Encourage your child to do two things at the same time, for example, sculpt and retell a fairy tale.

In addition to developing these skills it is important to prepare the child for school psychologically. He must be ready to communicate with peers and teachers while still in kindergarten.

Here are some tips for parents that can help with the initial preparation of future first graders at home:

1. No need to overly overload the baby, so as not to lose interest in classes.
2. The established daily routine should correspond to future studies.
3. Do not forget about the game form of training.
4. Diversify the preparatory process.
5. The child should regularly be in the fresh air, play outdoor games.
6. Properly prepare the work area to ensure sufficient lighting, the required height of the table and chair.
7. Developing computer games are able to assist in the preparation.
8. It will help to develop motor skills of movements if the child simultaneously undergoes musical training.

If you are at a loss with the choice of exercises, refer to the Internet - various manuals are offered there.

The notes prepared on their basis will be useful. An experienced teacher can help.

If your child has problems pronouncing certain sounds, a speech therapist can be helpful.

Proper individual preparation of the baby will be invaluable for the upcoming educational process.

Preparing for school: programs and exercises

Here are some exercises to prepare a preschooler. Like training visual memory. Arrange 6 playing cards in one row.

Ask the baby to remember their location and turn away. Swap two of them and have him point out which cards have changed.

Repeat the exercise several times, gradually increasing the number of cards, you can arrange them in several rows.

Consider what the exercises are:

1. Cubes.

Choose the largest and smallest cubes. Counting them up total, including in reverse side. We count the number of cubes of a certain color and size. We add different shapes from cubes.

2. Magic windows.

You will need 12 cards of primary colors and shades, 5 figures of different shapes: round, square, rectangular, and so on.

It is assumed that the magician built wonderful windows of various shapes and colors.. Offer to describe some of them and choose the ones you like the most.

3. Fairy Seeds.

You will need 9 cards with painted fruits, vegetables and their seeds. A strong wind mixed the decomposed seeds and fruits.

You need to sort them out. Discreetly removing one of the cards, offer to determine the loss.

4. Magic Parrot.

Invite your child to feel like a magical parrot, able to list various phrases from memory.

Name a few syllables, the child must repeat them in the same order. Name a few words and ask the child to repeat in the same order.

5. Fabulous illustrations.

You will need:

• Three cards with drawings: one divided in two, the second - into four fragments, the third - into six.
• 3-4 images of various subjects.

1. There are magical images who are constantly confused. It is necessary to add them correctly, in order of increasing complexity: starting with divided into 2 parts and ending with 6.
2. Other pictures are whole, but they need to be ordered as the story progresses. Ask them to retell a possible plot of the story.

6. Bunny.

The picture shows a hare and his house. Between them is a winding path. To help the bunny return home, you need to draw a line along the center of the path without lifting your pencil, without crossing its borders.

The proposed set of exercises is far from the only one possible, but it will help the child learn the necessary skills and prepare for school. It all depends on your imagination and desire.